prick_btree: provide a general btree_t structure

This structure stores our comparator and allocator functions, as well
as a root node, ensuring we're using the same functions on one tree.
Makes the API much cleaner to use.

prick_aliases.h

@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
-/* Copyright (C) 2025 Aryadev Chavali
+/* prick_aliases.h:
-
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
- * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the Unlicense for details.
-
- * You may distribute and modify this code under the terms of the Unlicense,
- * which you should have received a copy of along with this program.  If not,
- * please go to <https://unlicense.org/>.
-
  * Created: 2025-04-09
- * Description: Some basic type definitions to make life easier.
+ * Author: Aryadev Chavali
+ * License: See end of file
+ * Commentary:
+
+ This library defines some useful aliases for common types.  These are mostly
+ handpicked, and aren't necessary.
  */
 
-#ifndef TYPES_H
+#ifndef PRICK_ALIASES_H
-#define TYPES_H
+#define PRICK_ALIASES_H
 
+#include <assert.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 typedef uint8_t u8;
@@ -27,4 +24,21 @@ typedef int16_t i16;
 typedef int32_t i32;
 typedef int64_t i64;
 
+static_assert(sizeof(float) == 4, "f32 requires 4 byte floats");
+static_assert(sizeof(double) == 8, "f64 requires 8 byte doubles");
+typedef float f32;
+typedef double f64;
+
 #endif
+
+/* Copyright (C) 2025 Aryadev Chavali
+
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the Unlicense for details.
+
+ * You may distribute and modify this code under the terms of the Unlicense,
+ * which you should have received a copy of along with this program.  If not,
+ * please go to <https://unlicense.org/>.
+
+*/

prick_arena.h

@@ -1,30 +1,30 @@
-/* Copyright (C) 2024 Aryadev Chavali
+/* prick_arena.h: An arena implementation.
-
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the Unlicense
- * for details.
-
- * You may distribute and modify this code under the terms of the
- * Unlicense, which you should have received a copy of along with this
- * program.  If not, please go to <https://unlicense.org/>.
-
  * Created: 2024-11-01
  * Author: Aryadev Chavali
- * Description: Arena allocator.
+ * License: see end of file
+ * Commentary:
+
+ To utilise this library, please put:
+    #define PRICK_ARENA_IMPL
+    #include "prick_arena.h"
+ in one of your code units.
+
+ This library defines both:
+ - A simple bump allocator for regions, with the ability to attach more regions
+   via a linked list in case the current region when the current region is full.
+ - A simple arena memory allocator, using the bump allocator for its regions.
+
+ The regions of the arena are arranged in a linked list for simplicity.  As
+ regions aren't reallocated (instead, a new region is generated), they are
+ stable pointers, and may be used throughout a program as long as the underlying
+ arena isn't deleted.
  */
 
-#ifndef ARENA_H
+#ifndef PRICK_ARENA_H
-#define ARENA_H
+#define PRICK_ARENA_H
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 
-/**
-   @brief A single block of memory to be used by an arena.
-
-   @details Blocks of memory arranged in a singly linked list.
-   Each individual node is a bump allocator.
-*/
 typedef struct Region
 {
   struct Region *next;
@@ -32,38 +32,9 @@ typedef struct Region
   uint8_t bytes[];
 } region_t;
 
-/**
-   @brief Allocate a new region on the heap with requested size and a pointer to
-   the next region.
-   @details If capacity is less than REGION_DEFAULT_SIZE, capacity is set to
-   REGION_DEFAULT_SIZE.
- */
 region_t *region_make(uint32_t capacity, region_t *next);
-
-/**
-   @brief Allocate memory of requested size on the region.
-   @details If the region cannot fit the requested size, then return NULL.
-   Otherwise return a pointer to the start of the allocated memory, incrementing
-   the region size appropriately.
- */
 uint8_t *region_alloc_flat(region_t *region, uint32_t size);
-
-/**
-   @brief Allocate memory of requested size on the region.
-   @details Iterates through the linked list of regions to find an appropriately
-   sized region for the requested size, allocating a new region if one cannot be
-   found.  This new region will have capacity at least size *
-   REGION_CAPACITY_MULT.
-
-   Returns a pointer to the start of the allocated memory, incrementing the
-   appropriate region's size.
- */
 uint8_t *region_alloc_rec(region_t *region, uint32_t size);
-
-/**
-   @brief Delete a region, freeing its memory.
-   @details Will free all regions following it in the linked list.
- */
 void region_delete_rec(region_t *region);
 
 typedef struct
@@ -71,46 +42,13 @@ typedef struct
   region_t *beg, *end;
 } arena_t;
 
-/**
-   @brief Allocate memory of requested size in the arena, returning a pointer to
-   the start of it.
-   @details Uses region_alloc_rec internally to allocate the memory required.
-   arena->beg and arena->end are set appropriately for this task.
- */
 uint8_t *arena_alloc(arena_t *arena, uint32_t size);
-
-/**
-   @brief Reallocate buffer of old_size to a buffer of new_size in the
-   arena, returning a pointer to the start of the new buffer.
-
-   @details If the pointer is not allocated in the arena, return NULL.  If the
-   pointer and old_size cover a complete region reallocate the region itself to
-   fit the newly requested size, relinking it in the linked list.  Otherwise,
-   allocate as per usual.
-
-   The contents of the old memory are copied into the new buffer.  If old_size >
-   new_size, only new_size bytes will be copied from the old buffer into the new
-   one.
- */
 uint8_t *arena_realloc(arena_t *arena, uint8_t *pointer, uint32_t old_size,
                        uint32_t new_size);
-
-/**
-   @brief Reset the arena for reuse.
-
-   @details Sets all regions to default values, setting size to 0.  No memory is
-   deleted in this operation.
- */
 void arena_reset(arena_t *arena);
-
-/**
-   @brief Free the memory associated with the arena.
-
-   @details Deletes all regions of memory associated in the arena.
- */
 void arena_free(arena_t *arena);
 
-#ifdef ARENA_IMPL
+#ifdef PRICK_ARENA_IMPL
 
 #include <malloc.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -239,3 +177,15 @@ void arena_free(arena_t *arena)
 #endif
 
 #endif
+/* Copyright (C) 2024 Aryadev Chavali
+
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the Unlicense
+ * for details.
+
+ * You may distribute and modify this code under the terms of the
+ * Unlicense, which you should have received a copy of along with this
+ * program.  If not, please go to <https://unlicense.org/>.
+
+ */

prick_btree.h

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+/* prick_btree.h: A generic ordered binary tree.
+ * Created: 2025-04-09
+ * Author: Aryadev Chavali
+ * License: See end of file
+ * Commentary:
+
+ To utilise this library, please put:
+    #define PRICK_BTREE_IMPL
+    #include "prick_btree.h"
+ in one of your code units.
+
+ An ordered binary tree implementation, allowing the use of custom comparators
+ and allocators.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PRICK_BTREE_H
+#define PRICK_BTREE_H
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+typedef struct BNode
+{
+  void *value;
+  struct BNode *left, *right;
+} bnode_t;
+
+typedef int (*bnode_comp_fn)(void *, void *);
+typedef bnode_t *(*bnode_alloc_fn)();
+typedef void (*bnode_free_fn)(bnode_t *);
+
+typedef struct
+{
+  bnode_t *root;
+  bnode_comp_fn comp;
+  bnode_alloc_fn alloc;
+  bnode_free_fn free;
+} btree_t;
+
+void btree_init(btree_t *tree, bnode_comp_fn comparator,
+                bnode_alloc_fn allocator, bnode_free_fn free);
+bnode_t *btree_insert(btree_t *tree, void *value);
+void btree_free(btree_t *tree);
+
+void bnode_right_rotate(bnode_t **node);
+void bnode_left_rotate(bnode_t **node);
+void bnode_print(FILE *fp, bnode_t *root);
+
+#ifdef PRICK_BTREE_IMPL
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+void btree_init(btree_t *tree, bnode_comp_fn comparator,
+                bnode_alloc_fn allocator, bnode_free_fn free)
+{
+  if (tree)
+  {
+    tree->root  = NULL;
+    tree->comp  = comparator;
+    tree->alloc = allocator;
+    tree->free  = free;
+  }
+}
+
+bnode_t *bnode_insert(bnode_t *node, btree_t *tree, void *value)
+{
+  if (!node)
+  {
+    node        = tree->alloc();
+    node->value = value;
+    node->left  = NULL;
+    node->right = NULL;
+    return node;
+  }
+
+  int comp              = tree->comp(value, node->value);
+  bnode_t **picked_node = NULL;
+  if (comp < 0)
+    picked_node = &node->left;
+  else
+    picked_node = &node->right;
+
+  if (*picked_node)
+    bnode_insert(*picked_node, tree, value);
+  else
+  {
+    *picked_node          = tree->alloc();
+    picked_node[0]->value = value;
+    picked_node[0]->left  = NULL;
+    picked_node[0]->right = NULL;
+  }
+
+  return node;
+}
+
+bnode_t *btree_insert(btree_t *tree, void *value)
+{
+  tree->root = bnode_insert(tree->root, tree, value);
+  return tree->root;
+}
+
+void bnode_free(bnode_t *bnode, bnode_free_fn free_fn)
+{
+  if (!bnode)
+    return;
+  bnode_t *left  = bnode->left;
+  bnode_t *right = bnode->right;
+
+  free_fn(bnode);
+  bnode_free(left, free_fn);
+  bnode_free(right, free_fn);
+}
+
+void btree_free(btree_t *tree)
+{
+  if (!tree)
+    return;
+  bnode_free(tree->root, tree->free);
+  tree->root = NULL;
+}
+
+void bnode_right_rotate(bnode_t **node)
+{
+  if (!node || !*node)
+    return;
+
+  bnode_t *left = (*node)->left;
+  if (left)
+  {
+    (*node)->left = left->right;
+    left->right   = *node;
+    *node         = left;
+  }
+}
+
+void bnode_left_rotate(bnode_t **node)
+{
+  if (!node || !*node)
+    return;
+
+  bnode_t *right = (*node)->right;
+  if (right)
+  {
+    (*node)->right = right->left;
+    right->left    = *node;
+    *node          = right;
+  }
+}
+
+void bnode_print(FILE *fp, bnode_t *root)
+{
+  if (!root)
+    return;
+  fprintf(fp, "(%p", root->value);
+  if (root->left)
+  {
+    fprintf(fp, " ");
+    bnode_print(fp, root->left);
+  }
+
+  if (root->right)
+  {
+    fprintf(fp, " ");
+    bnode_print(fp, root->right);
+  }
+
+  fprintf(fp, ")");
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+/* Copyright (C) 2025 Aryadev Chavali
+
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the Unlicense
+ * for details.
+
+ * You may distribute and modify this code under the terms of the
+ * Unlicense, which you should have received a copy of along with this
+ * program.  If not, please go to <https://unlicense.org/>.
+
+*/

prick_darr.h

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/* prick_darr.h: A dynamically sized array, all on the heap.
+ * Created: 2024-10-01
+ * Author: Aryadev Chavali
+ * License: see end of file
+ * Commentary:
+
+ To utilise this library, please put:
+    #define PRICK_DARR_IMPL
+    #include "prick_darr.h"
+ in one of your code units.
+
+ This library defines a dynamic array purely on the heap.  We split the one
+ dynamic array allocation into two parts: the metadata, and the actual data.
+ Consumers of the library will only ever need to deal with the latter component
+ i.e. they'll only ever have access to the data they require.
+
+ Unfortuntely this does mean that the underlying data pointer is _not_ stable
+ during capacity reallocation, as we're allocating a whole new pointer with the
+ correct size.  Therefore, if you're expecting the array to grow during the
+ runtime of your program, you should ensure any pointers to components of it are
+ updated as they will otherwise be dangling.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PRICK_DARR_H
+#define PRICK_DARR_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+typedef struct
+{
+  uint32_t size, capacity;
+  uint8_t bytes[];
+} darr_t;
+
+#define DARR_GET(P)  (((darr_t *)(P)) - 1)
+#define DARR_SIZE(P) (DARR_GET(P)->size)
+#define DARR_CAP(P)  (DARR_GET(P)->capacity)
+
+void darr_make(void **ptr, uint32_t size);
+void darr_free(void **ptr);
+void darr_append_byte(void **ptr, uint8_t byte);
+void darr_append(void **ptr, void *data, uint32_t size);
+void darr_clone(void **dest, void **src);
+void darr_ensure_remaining(void **ptr, uint32_t space);
+
+#ifdef PRICK_DARR_IMPL
+
+#include <malloc.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#ifndef DARR_MULT
+#define DARR_MULT 2
+#endif
+
+#define MAX(A, B) ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
+#define MIN(A, B) ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
+
+void darr_make(void **ptr, uint32_t size)
+{
+  if (!ptr)
+    return;
+  darr_t *darrtor   = calloc(1, sizeof(*darrtor) + size);
+  darrtor->size     = 0;
+  darrtor->capacity = size;
+  *ptr              = (darrtor + 1);
+}
+
+void darr_free(void **data)
+{
+  if (!data || !*data)
+    return;
+  free(DARR_GET(*data));
+  *data = NULL;
+}
+
+void darr_ensure_remaining(void **ptr, uint32_t space)
+{
+  if (!ptr || !*ptr)
+    return;
+  darr_t *darr = DARR_GET(*ptr);
+  if (darr->capacity - darr->size < space)
+  {
+    void *new_darr = NULL;
+    darr_make(&new_darr, MAX(darr->capacity * DARR_MULT, darr->size + space));
+    DARR_SIZE(new_darr) = darr->size;
+    memcpy(new_darr, *ptr, darr->size);
+    darr_free(ptr);
+    *ptr = new_darr;
+  }
+}
+
+void darr_append_byte(void **ptr, uint8_t byte)
+{
+  darr_ensure_remaining(ptr, 1);
+  darr_t *darr              = DARR_GET(*ptr);
+  darr->bytes[darr->size++] = byte;
+}
+
+void darr_append(void **ptr, void *data, uint32_t size)
+{
+  darr_ensure_remaining(ptr, size);
+  darr_t *darr = DARR_GET(*ptr);
+  memcpy(*ptr + darr->size, data, size);
+  darr->size += size;
+}
+
+void darr_clone(void **dest, void **src)
+{
+  if (!dest || !src || !*src)
+    return;
+  darr_make(dest, DARR_SIZE(*src));
+  memcpy(*dest, *src, DARR_SIZE(*src));
+  DARR_SIZE(*dest) = DARR_SIZE(*src);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+/* Copyright (C) 2024 Aryadev Chavali
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the Unlicense
+ * for details.
+
+ * You may distribute and modify this code under the terms of the
+ * Unlicense, which you should have received a copy of along with this
+ * program.  If not, please go to <https://unlicense.org/>.
+
+ */

vec.h

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-/* Copyright (C) 2024 Aryadev Chavali
-
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the Unlicense
- * for details.
-
- * You may distribute and modify this code under the terms of the
- * Unlicense, which you should have received a copy of along with this
- * program.  If not, please go to <https://unlicense.org/>.
-
- * Created: 2024-10-01
- * Author: Aryadev Chavali
- * Description: A dynamically sized container.
- */
-
-#ifndef VEC_H
-#define VEC_H
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-typedef struct
-{
-  uint32_t size, capacity;
-  uint8_t bytes[];
-} vec_t;
-
-#define VEC_GET(P)  (((vec_t *)(P)) - 1)
-#define VEC_SIZE(P) (VEC_GET(P)->size)
-#define VEC_CAP(P)  (VEC_GET(P)->capacity)
-
-void vec_make(void **ptr, uint32_t size);
-void vec_free(void **ptr);
-void vec_append_byte(void **ptr, uint8_t byte);
-void vec_append(void **ptr, void *data, uint32_t size);
-void vec_clone(void **dest, void **src);
-void vec_ensure_remaining(void **ptr, uint32_t space);
-
-#ifdef VEC_IMPL
-
-#include <malloc.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#ifndef VEC_MULT
-#define VEC_MULT 2
-#endif
-
-#define MAX(A, B) ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
-#define MIN(A, B) ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
-
-void vec_make(void **ptr, uint32_t size)
-{
-  if (!ptr)
-    return;
-  vec_t *vector    = calloc(1, sizeof(*vector) + size);
-  vector->size     = 0;
-  vector->capacity = size;
-  *ptr             = (vector + 1);
-}
-
-void vec_free(void **data)
-{
-  if (!data || !*data)
-    return;
-  free(VEC_GET(*data));
-  *data = NULL;
-}
-
-void vec_ensure_remaining(void **ptr, uint32_t space)
-{
-  if (!ptr || !*ptr)
-    return;
-  vec_t *vec = VEC_GET(*ptr);
-  if (vec->capacity - vec->size < space)
-  {
-    void *new_vec = NULL;
-    vec_make(&new_vec, MAX(vec->capacity * VEC_MULT, vec->size + space));
-    VEC_SIZE(new_vec) = vec->size;
-    memcpy(new_vec, *ptr, vec->size);
-    vec_free(ptr);
-    *ptr = new_vec;
-  }
-}
-
-void vec_append_byte(void **ptr, uint8_t byte)
-{
-  vec_ensure_remaining(ptr, 1);
-  vec_t *vec              = VEC_GET(*ptr);
-  vec->bytes[vec->size++] = byte;
-}
-
-void vec_append(void **ptr, void *data, uint32_t size)
-{
-  vec_ensure_remaining(ptr, size);
-  vec_t *vec = VEC_GET(*ptr);
-  memcpy(*ptr + vec->size, data, size);
-  vec->size += size;
-}
-
-void vec_clone(void **dest, void **src)
-{
-  if (!dest || !src || !*src)
-    return;
-  vec_make(dest, VEC_SIZE(*src));
-  memcpy(*dest, *src, VEC_SIZE(*src));
-  VEC_SIZE(*dest) = VEC_SIZE(*src);
-}
-
-#endif
-
-#endif